Kheperå Flanked by Horus


 From the Egyptian collection of Edward W. and Shirley R. Crosby. Original on papyrus, 8 x 13 inches.


The God Kheperå

Kheperå is the name of the creator God of the ancient Khemet (Egypt). The ancient scarab God is described as follows:

Kheperå is a symbol of the rising sun, and is both a type of matter which is on the point of passing from inertness into life, and also of the dead body which is about to burst forth into a new life in a glorified form.

He is depicted in the form of a man having a scarab as his head and this insect is his symbol and emblem among ancient nations, because Kheperå is believed to be self begotten and self produced; to this notion we owe the myriads of beetles or scarabs which are found in tombs of all ages in Egypt and also in the Greek islands and settlements of the Mediterranean, and in Phoenicia, Syria and elsewhere. 

The seat of the god Kheperå was in the boat of the sun and the pictures which present us with this fact only illustrate an idea which is as old, at least, as the pyramid of Unas, for in this monument it is said of the king:

"He flieth like a bird, he alighteth like a beetle upon the empty throne in thy boat O Ra."
Ap-f em apt Xenem-f em Xeper em nest sut amt uaa-k Ra

In the XVIII dynasty queen Hatshepsut declared herself to be "the creator of things which came into being like Kheperå" and in later times the scribes were exceedingly fond of playing upon the word used as a noun, adjective, verb and proper name.

Excerpts from: E. Wallis Budge, "The Papyrus of Ani," The Egyptian Book of the Dead. New York: Dover Publications, 1967.